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MISSIONARY  HEROES  COURSE 

LIFE  STORIES  OF  GREAT  MISSIONARIES  FOR 


TEEN  AGE  BOYS 


ARRANGED  IN  PROGRAMS 


iw<t  - 

ANDREW  yCLING 

Representative  of  the  Great  Physician  in  Shensi 

SOURCE  BOOK 

"ANDREW  YOUNG  OF  SHENSI” 

By  J.  C.  Keyte 

Program  prepared  by 
FLOYD  L.  CARR 


Baptist  Board  of  Education 

DEPARTMENT  OF  MISSIONARY  EDUCATION 

276  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City 


Course  No.  3 


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ANDREW  YOUNG 


Representative  of  the  Great  Physician 

in  Shensi 


SOURCE  BOOK 

“Andrew  Young  of  Shensi” 

By  J.  C.  KEYTE 


Baptist  Board  of  Education 

DEPARTMENT  OF  MISSIONARY  EDUCATION 
276  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City 


PAGE 


OUTLINE 


Introductory  Statement 

Program  for  Meeting  . 

Life  Sketch  . 

Life  Incidents  . 


9 


3 

4 
7 


Programs  based  upon  “Andrew  Young  of  Shensi” 

By  J.  C.  Keyte 
The  Carey  Press,  London 


FOREWORD 


HE  Missionary  Heroes  Course  for  Boys  meets  a  real  need.  It 


is  a  series  of  missionary  programs  for  boys  based  on  great 
biographies  which  every  boy  should  know.  Courses  Number  One, 
Two  and  Three  are  now  available,  each  providing  programs  for 
twelve  months,  which  may  be  used  in  the  monthly  meetings  of  boys’ 
groups.  Other  courses  are  in  preparation  and  will  be  issued  for 
subsequent  years. 

It  is  suggested  that  the  leader  purchase  two  copies  of  each 
booklet;  one  to  be  kept  for  reference  and  the  other  to  be  cut  up  to 
provide  each  boy  with  his  assigned  part.  Some  may  prefer  to  pur¬ 
chase  one  booklet  and  typewrite  the  parts  for  assignment.  In  order 
to  tie  together  the  life  incidents  as  they  are  presented  by  the  boys, 
the  leader  should  master  the  facts  outlined  in  the  biographical 
sketch  and  read  carefully  the  volume  upon  which  the  program  is 
based.  These  volumes  are  missionary  classics  and  may  be  made  the 
basis  of  a  worthwhile  library  of  Christian  adventure. 

Boys  are  keenly  interested  in  stories  of  adventure  and  achieve¬ 
ment  and  it  is  hoped  that  participation  in  the  programs  will  lead 
many  of  the  boys  to  read  these  great  missionary  biographies.  Atten¬ 
tion  is  called  to  the  thirty-five  other  life-story  programs  now  avail¬ 
able  for  Courses  Number  One,  Two  and  Three,  listed  on  the  last 
page.  The  books  upon  which  these  programs  are  based  may  be 
loaned  through  public  libraries  or  purchased  from  the  American 
Baptist  Publication  Society  and  other  book-selling  agencies. 

Portraits  of  these  missionary  heroes  are  also  available  for  pur¬ 
chase  at  fifteen  cents  a  copy  or  $1.50  for  each  set  of  twelve. 

While  these  programs  have  been  developed  to  meet  the  needs  of 
boys’  organizations  of  all  types — i.  e.,  Organized  Classes,  Boy 
Scouts,  Knights  of  King  Arthur,  etc. — they  were  especially  pre¬ 
pared  for  the  Royal  Ambassadors,  a  world  outlook  organization 
for  ’teen  age  boys  originating  in  the  southland  and  since  adapted  tc 
the  needs  of  the  Northern  Baptist  boys  by  the  Department  oi 
Missionary  Education.  We  commend  these  materials  to  all  lovers 
of  boys. 


William  A.  Hill. 


PROGRAM  FOR  MEETING 


1.  Scripture  Reading:  Matthew  25:34-46.  Verses  36  and  40:  “I 
was  siek  and  ye  visited  me.  .  .  .  Inasmuch  as  ye  have  done 
it  unto  the  least  of  these,  my  brethren,  ye  have  done  it  unto 
me.”  As  a  physician  and  surgeon  in  Shensi,  China,  Dr.  An¬ 
drew  Young  proved  himself  a  worthy  follower  of  The  Great 
Physician.  (See  the  closing  paragraph  on  page  188  of  “An¬ 
drew  Young  of  Shensi”  by  J.  C.  Keyte  and  the  excerpts 
printed  under  item  number  twelve  in  this  program  entitled, 
“His  Medical  Ministry.”) 

2.  Prayer. 

3.  Hymn:  “O  J  esus,  I  H  ave  Promised.”  This  hymn  was  com¬ 
posed  by  John  E.  Bode  in  1869,  the  year  of  the  birth  of 
Andrew  Young.  Perhaps  more  than  any  other  hymn,  it  ex¬ 
presses  the  fervor  and  singleness  of  purpose  on  his  part  to 
dedicate  his  life  to  the  service  of  Jesus  Christ  and  those  for 
whom  Christ  died.  (See  especially  pages  18  to  21  of  the 
above  book,  excerpts  from  which  will  be  found  under  item  num¬ 
ber  five  in  this  booklet,  entitled:  “Boyhood  Influences.”) 

4.  Introduction  to  the  Life  Story*  (based  upon  the  brief  sketch 
in  this  booklet — pages  4  and  5). 

5.  Boyhood  Influences.  (Pages  18,  19-20,  20-21  of  the  source 
book:  “Andrew  Young  of  Shensi”  by  J.  C.  Keyte.) 

j.  Enlisting  for  Missionary  Service.  (Pages  26-27,  85.) 

7.  Deciding  to  Prepare  for  Medical  Service.  (Pages  62-63,  73- 
74.) 

8.  Earnest  Christian  Service  in  Africa.  (Pages  95,  102-103.) 

9.  Beginning  Medical  Work  in  Shensi,  China.  (Pages  110-111, 
113-114.) 

10.  His  Marriage  to  Dr.  Charlotte  Murdoch.  (Pages  139-140, 
142-143,  145.) 

11.  His  First  Woman  Patient.  (Pages  164-166.) 

12.  His  Medical  Ministry.  (Pages  152,  177,  185,  253.) 

13.  In  Peril  at  the  Beginning  of  the  Revolution.  (Pages  236-237, 
241-242,  243,  244.) 

14.  Paying  the  Penalty  of  Overwork.  (Pages  288-289,  300-301, 
309,  310-311.) 


*The  leader  should  master  the  brief  summary  given  in  this  booklet  and  read 
the  book,  “Andrew  Young  of  Shensi,"  by  J.  C.  Keyte,  upon  which  this  program 
is  based. 


3 


SKETCH  OF  THE  LIFE  OF 
ANDREW  YOUNG 


Scotland,  the  home  of  a  host  of  illustrious  missionaries — to  men¬ 
tion  no  more  than  James  Chalmer,  Alexander  Duff,  James  Gilmour, 
David  Livingstone,  Alexander  Mackay,  Robert  Moffat  and  John 
Paton — added  another  star  to  her  crown  in  cradling  Andrew  Young. 
He  was  born  at  Crossdykes,  Dumfrieshire,  Scotland,  in  the  year 
1869.  When  the  lad  was  but  three,  the  family  moved  to  Langholm, 
an  important  center  in  the  tweed  cloth  industry.  His  father  be¬ 
came  an  elder  in  the  Church  and  was  active  in  religious  work. 
His  mother  was  a  woman  of  deep  spiritual  insight. 

H  is  schooling,  and  later  his  service  as  a  pupil-teacher  at  Lang¬ 
holm  Academy,  gave  him  an  excellent  foundation  in  the  essentials 
of  an  education.  When  twenty-one  he  enlisted  for  service  in 
Congo,  Africa,  as  a  transport  agent  under  the  Congo-Bololo  Mis¬ 
sion,  established  by  Dr.  Harry  Guinness.  His  six  years  of  ser¬ 
vice  in  Africa  served  as  a  preparation  for  his  notable  ministry  in 
Shensi,  China.  First  at  Matadi  and  later  at  Lukunga,  he  added 
to  his  transport  duties  an  evangelistic  and  medical  ministry  and 
greatly  endeared  himself  to  the  people.  The  physical  needs  of  the 
natives  of  the  Congo  directed  his  thought  to  the  value  of  the  ser¬ 
vice  rendered  by  a  medical  missionary  and  he  wrote  home  to 
Scotland:  “If  I  am  spared  to  come  home  after  three  years,  I 
should  like  to  take  a  course  in  medicine  as  a  medical  missionary.” 

A  third  and  very  severe  attack  of  the  dreaded  Blackwater  fever 
terminated  his  six  years  of  service  in  Africa.  On  reaching  Scot¬ 
land,  after  a  brief  stay  at  home  with  his  parents,  he  began  his 
medical  studies  in  Glasgow.  To  finance  his  course,  he  took  a  posi¬ 
tion  with  the  Quarrier’s  Orphan  Homes,  Glasgow,  a  valuable  ex¬ 
perience  for  his  future  work  in  China.  He  served  as  a  house 
surgeon  in  both  the  General  Hospital  and  the  Opthalmic  Hospital 
of  Glasgow  (where  diseases  of  the  eye  were  treated).  Later  he 
rounded-out  his  eight  years  of  preparation  with  a  course  at  the 
London  Hospital,  where  he  specialized  in  diseases  of  the  eye. 

In  October,  1905,  he  sailed  under  the  appointment  of  the  Bap¬ 
tist  Mission  Society  for  hospital  service  at  Sianfu,  Shensi,  China. 
Sianfu  is  the  ancient  capital  of  China  and  the  place  to  which  the 
Empress  Dowager  had  fled  from  Peking  in  1900,  when  the  Boxers 
were  defeated.  It  was  to  become  the  center  of  his  work  for 
seventeen  strenuous  years. 


4 


Less  than  two  years  later  he  was  joined  by  Dr.  Charlotte  Mur¬ 
doch,  whose  birthplace  was  Maryland,  and  who  had  been  assisting 
Dr.  G.  Campbell  Morgan  in  the  Westminster  Church,  London. 
Three  of  her  sisters  were  already  engaged  in  missionary  work  in 
China,  so  that  there  were  many  cords  drawing  her  to  the  Celes¬ 
tial  Kingdom.  On  her  arrival  they  were  married  at  Shanghai, 
and,  as  a  wedding  trip,  journeyed  to  Shensi  by  boat  on  the  Han 
River,  a  trip  requiring  three  months.  It  was  the  beginning  of 
many  similar  journeys,  for  they  both  were  natural  nomads  and 
responded  ever  to  the  lure  of  “the  long  road  which  stretches  and 
the  roadside  fire.” 

The  area  covered  by  the  doctors  stationed  at  the  Sianfu  Hos¬ 
pital  exceeded  in  size  that  of  England,  for  patients  were  drawn 
from  remote  centers.  In  cases  of  serious  illness  on  the  part  of 
missionaries  connected  with  the  Swedish,  the  Congregational  or 
the  China  Inland  Mission,  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Young,  the  one  as  phy¬ 
sician  and  surgeon  and  the  other  as  nurse,  would  pack  their  kit 
and  take  their  babe  and  start  for  a  ten  or  twelve-day  journey  at 
short  notice. 

It  was  while  responding  to  a  call  for  help  from  a  remote  mis¬ 
sion  station  in  1911  that  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Young  were  caught  in  the 
upheaval  attending  the  Revolution.  Shensi  province  became  one 
of  the  storm  centers  of  the  uprising.  The  lives  of  many  foreigners 
in  the  interior  were  in  grave  danger,  and  though  the  missionaries 
had  loyal  friends,  the  secret  societies  were  pledged  to  exterminate 
the  foreign  “invaders.”  Warned  at  Chungpu  by  a  pupil  from  the 
mission  school  at  Sianfu,  they  made  their  way  across  the  moun¬ 
tains  to  the  open  country.  Sheltered  and  guided  by  loyal  helpers, 
hidden  for  a  week  in  a  cave,  they  were  finally  rescued  and  brought 
to  Sianfu  by  a  military  escort. 

Two  years  later,  early  in  1913,  Dr.  Young’s  two  associates  in  the 
hospital  work  at  Sianfu,  Dr.  H.  Stanley  Jenkins  and  Dr.  Cecil  F. 
Robertson,  were  both  stricken  with  typhus  fever  and  his  fur¬ 
lough  in  the  homeland  was  necessarily  cut  short.  He  returned 
at  once  to  Shensi,  doing  double  duty  for  humanity  and  Jesus 
Christ.  He  was  never  content  to  simply  minister  to  the  physical 
needs  of  his  patients  but  sought  ever  to  point  all  who  came  under 
his  care  to  the  Great  Physician.  He  wrote  home  saying:  “The 
staff  (nurses  and  others)  .  .  .  begin  to  realize  more  that  the  cure 
of  souls  is  not  simply  something  that  we  indulge  in  in  our  spare 
moments  but  the  objective  of  all  our  work.” 

After  four  years  of  almost  incessant  toil  and  anxiety,  he  suf¬ 
fered  a  severe  breakdown  in  1918  and  was  obliged  to  leave  Sianfu 
for  a  complete  rest.  On  his  return  to  his  post,  the  renewal  of  civil 
warfare  again  increased  his  burdens  and  undermined  his  resistance. 


Great  was  his  relief,  therefore,  when  reinforcements  arrived  in 
England  in  the  person  of  Dr.  Broomhall  and  lie  was  free  to  fulfill 
a  long-cherished  dream,  and  in  1921  take  charge  of  a  small  hos¬ 
pital  across  the  river  .at  San  Yuan.  He  felt  that  it  would  afford 
him  greater  opportunity  to  give  to  a  smaller  number  of  patients 
a  larger  spiritual  ministry.  His  words  at  the  beginning  of  his 
missionary  service  in  Africa,  “I  tried  to  bring  before  him  Jesus 
as  the  Savior  of  sinners,”  are  especially  true  of  the  seventeen  years 
of  medical  ministry  in  China. 

In  April  1922,  he  was  stricken  with  that  dreaded  disease, 
“typhus”  and  because  he  had  not  spared  himself  in  his  unstinted 
service  to  even  “the  least  of  these  my  brethren,”  his  condition 
was  serious  from  the  first.  In  spite  of  medical  skill  and  devoted 
nursing,  on  April  29,  1922,  his  spirit  passed  from  the  hospital  in 
Shensi  to  the  House  of  Many  Mansions. 


a 


INCIDENTS  IN  THE  LIFE  OF 
ANDREW  YOUNG 


Reprinted  from  “Andrew  Young  of  Shensi” 

By  J.  C.  Keyte 

By  permission  of  the  publishers,  The  Carey  Press,  London 

Boyhood  Influences.  (Pages  18,  19-20,  20-21.) 

George  Young  and  his  wife  Hannah  (whose  maiden  name 
was  Armstrong)  brought  their  boy  of  three  years  to  Langholm 
in  1872.  A  eentre  of  the  famous  tweed  cloth  industry,  Lang¬ 
holm  offered  opportunities  to  men  of  enterprise  whom  the  land 
supported  ill,  and  immigration  to  the  town  from  the  country 
districts  was  a  regular  feature  of  Dumfrieshire  life.  For  fifteen 
years  Andrew  Young  received  in  Langholm  the  varied  training 
which  is  given  to  any  one  who  is  not  a  fool  and  who  lives  in 
the  pulsating  microcosm  of  a  country  town  which  is  large  enough 
for  a  civic  consciousness  and  not  too  large  for  observation  of 
character.  The  parish  church,  the  U.  F.  kirks,  the  school,  the 
library,  and  the  famous  mills  gave  the  town  a  full  and  varied 
life.  And,  it  was  extremely  Scotch.  For  vivid  Scottish  conscious¬ 
ness,  one  goes  neither  to  Edinburgh  nor  Braemar;  not  even  to 
Aberdeen;  but  to  the  lowlanders  of  the  Border  country,  who  are 
so  keenly  aware  of  what  they  have  just,  and  only  just  escaped, 
viz.,  being  born  south  of  the  Tweed.  And  Langholm  is  only 
twenty  miles  north  of  Carlisle. 

Of  the  many  factors  of  his  Langholm  life  there  were  three 
for  which  Andrew  Young  was  ever  thankful:  his  home,  his  church 
and  his  school.  .  .  . 

The  church  was  the  North  United  Free  Church,  where  his 
father  worshipped  in  1872.  George  Young  was  one  of  those 
remarkable  men,  who,  more  even  than  her  devoted  and  scholarly 
clergy,  have  made  the  United  Free  Church  of  Scotland  what  she 
is  today.  He  became  a  member  of  the  church  in  1873  and  was 
ordained  an  elder  in  1882.  To  be  an  elder  was  no  light  matter. 
It  involved  a  considerable  amount  of  public  speaking,  religious  visi¬ 
tation,  prayer  in  the  homes  thus  visited,  especially  in  the  distress¬ 
ing  conditions  of  sickness  and  sorrow.  It  meant,  further,  the 
jealous  maintenance  of  a  high  standard  of  honor  in  the  public 
conduct  of  church  affairs.  In  1891  he  was  appointed  session-clerk 


7 


and  held  that  office  until  1903.  His  Sunday  School  teaching  en¬ 
tailed  careful  preparation.  In  addition,  he  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  Home  Mission  and  a  hard-working  member  of  the 
Y.  M.  C.  A.,  taking  his  spiritual  responsibilities  in  connection 
with  the  Association  very  seriously.  And  this  was  no  case  of  a 
man  who  neglected  his  daily  livelihood  or  the  duties  of  his  home 
in  order  to  play  a  prominent  part  on  a  public  stage.  He  did  his 
business  well  and  faithfully,  whilst  his  home  was  a  place  of  genu¬ 
ine  happiness  and  prosperity. 

Great  as  the  father  was  in  character,  the  mother  was  even 
greater.  Much  of  her  woman's  abilities  would  go  unrecognized 
into  the  daily  life  of  her  husband,  and  the  fact  that  she  was 
hailed  as  a  worthy  “help-meet,”  a  “second”  to  her  husband,  rather 
than  given  recognition  for  herself,  would  trouble  her  not  at  all ; 
life  was  too  fine,  too  splendid,  to  worry  over  trivial  questions  of 
precedence.  There  was  a  home  to  be  turned  into  a  heaven,  chil¬ 
dren  to  be  made  members  of  Christ,  an  enterprise  to  be  wrought 
only  in  the  unity  of  the  Spirit.  Love  and  gentleness,  unwearying- 
service,  unwavering  faith,  informed  this  gracious  woman’s  nature. 
When  the  children  grew  up  and  went  out  into  the  great  cities, 
it  was  she  who,  with  her  pen,  week  after  week,  kept  vivid  before 
their  minds  the  Christ-filled  life  which  had  drawn  them,  whilst 
yet  in  Langholm,  to  the  Christ  himself.  .  .  . 

He  solved  his  problem  by  watching  the  daily  life  of  his  father 
and  mother.  If  they  had  failed  him,  his  story  might  have  been 
a  very  different  one.  Upright,  cleanly,  kindly,  I  think  he  would 
in  any  case  have  been,  but  instead  of  an  explanation  of  life  which 
brought  him  daily  joy  and  support,  he  might  have  gone  through 
life  wistfully  questioning;  a  stoic  who  could  only  look  to  “the 
choir  invisible  of  those  immortal  dead  who  live  again  in  minds 
made  better  by  their  presence,”  for  any  hope  beyond.  He  would 
in  all  probability  have  been  a  useful  citizen,  “a  good  man,”  but 
he  would  not  have  found  the  door  into  that  Secret  Garden  in 
which  he  walked  with  his  Lord.  The  doctors  in  the  Temple  might 
have  answered  his  questions  but  their  answers  would  have  left 
him  lonely  and  in  the  shadow.  Joy  and  sunlight  came  to  him 
in  another  place — in  the  home.  Reading  of  Andrew  Young’s  home 
life,  one  thinks  of  the  words,  so  vivid  as  a  bit  of  human  as  well 
as  divine  history,  which  describe  the  boy  Jesus  who  returned  from 
the  Temple  to  Nazareth  and  was  subject  to  His  parents,  and  so 
“grew  in  wisdom  and  stature  and  in  favor  with  God  and  with 
man.” 

Enlisting  for  Missionary  Service.  (Pages  26-27 ,  85.) 

At  some  time  during  his  pupil-teacher  days,  Andrew  Young 


8 


had  settled  the  question  of  his  life  work.  His  form  master  asked 
him  one  day  what  he  meant  to  be,  and  the  answer  was  definite:  a 
missionary  on  the  Congo.  His  further  preparation  was  well  thought 
out.  The  school  had  done  all  it  could  for  him,  first  as  a  pupil  and 
now  as  a  teacher;  if  he  was  to  become  an  industrial  missionary — 
and  at  the  time  that  was  his  plan — he  would  need  some  business 
experience.  The  next  step  was  an  office  in  Glasgow,  where,  if 
anywhere,  the  outlines  of  export  and  shipping,  accountancy  and 
business  method,  might  be  learned.  As  stenographer  and  account¬ 
ant  he  passed  two  years  in  the  city. 

By  1890  he  was  ready,  waiting  for  the  opening  which  he  be¬ 
lieved  would  come.  Nor  was  the  expectation  disappointed.  Away 
on  the  Congo  River,  at  the  station  of  Tunduwa,  the  Congo-Balolo 
Mission  had  a  representative  who,  in  addition  to  carrying  on  his 
ordinary  mission  work,  was  burdened  with  the  task  of  arranging 
caravans  for  transport  so  as  to  supply  the  needs  of  fellow  mis¬ 
sionaries  further  up-country.  The  labor  entailed  in  engaging  car¬ 
riers,  paying  them,  not  in  coin  but  in  the  currency  of  barter — 
brass  rods,  cotton  goods,  etc. — the  store-keeping  which  was  the 
corollary  of  such  barter,  the  keeping  of  accounts,  had  proved  all 
too  much  for  one  man,  and  he  had  broken  down  under  the  strain. 
The  Mission  looked  around  for  a  layman  to  go  out  to  act  as 
business  man  at  Tunduwa,  and  Andrew  Young  volunteered  for  the 
post.  His  acceptance  was  very  hearty  and  as  soon  as  his  outfit 
was  ready,  he  proceeded  to  Rotterdam  to  join  the  S.S.  Afrikaan, 
which  would  carry  him  to  the  Dutch  trading  station  at  Banana 
on  the  West  African  coast. 

Previous  to  leaving  England,  he  went  up  to  Cliff  College  in 
Derbyshire,  so  that  through  a  week’s  intercourse  he  might  know 
personally  the  people  directly  responsible  for  the  business  direction 
of  the  Congo-Balolo  Mission,  a  friendship  which  in  the  case  of  Dr. 
Harry  Guinness  himself  was  deepened  in  later  years  in  Congo.  .  .  . 

It  is  to  be  noted  that  his  work  here  (Lukunga)  for  the  first 
time  was  almost  entirely  evangelistic.  He  was  neither  doing  trans¬ 
port  work  nor  his  amateur  medical  work,  but  preaching  and  teach¬ 
ing  continuously.  The  “business”  work  which  he  had  in  his  earlier 
term  deplored  no  longer  acted  as  a  safety  valve.  That  work, 
which  he  had  at  times  deemed  uninspiring,  had,  within  its  limits, 
truly  held  an  inspiration ;  the  inspiration  of  tangible,  visible,  actual 
results.  Two  hundred  cases  unloaded  into  the  store  meant  a  defi¬ 
nite  contribution  to  the  whole  work  of  the  mission ;  a  caravan 
safely  organized  and  started  on  its  way  meant  another  small  tri¬ 
umph  over  those  perversities  of  temper,  inertia,  and  circumstance 
whereby  Africa  manifested  her  opposition  to  the  New  Kingdom — 
a  Kingdom  of  the  Spirit.  After  days  of  such  work  the  man  went 


9 


to  bed  healthily  tired.  He  might  cry  “How  long,  O  Lord?” 
anent  the  whole  question  of  Gospel  penetration  into  this  dark 
region,  but  at  least  he  had  little  to  worry  over  as  to  his  particular 
work’s  thoroughness. 

Deciding  to  Prepare  for  Medical  Service.  (Pages 
62-63,  73-74-) 

The  bent  of  Andrew  Young’s  mind  to  what  was  to  be  his  life’s 
work  became  stronger  as  the  months  passed.  The  desperate  plight 
of  these  poor  people  in  their  bodily  distress  appealed  to  him  in¬ 
creasingly.  He  began  to  make  a  practice  on  Sundays,  after  helping 
in  the  main  general  religious  morning  service,  of  walking  up  the 
hill  to  the  railway  “hospital”  to  do  what  he  could,  unofficially,  for 
the  sufferers  there. 

His  “medical”  work  was  of  course  a  medical  missionary  work: 
he  held  services  regularly  with  the  patients  and  distributed  large 
numbers  of  English  tracts,  which  the  patients  could  read  easily, 
he  found,  and  with  which  his  friends  and  neighbors  of  the  English 
Baptist  Mission  kindly  supplied  him.  By  April  he  is  clear  as  to 
his  future  line  of  service:  “If  I  am  spared  to  come  home  after 
three  years,  I  should  like  to  take  a  course  in  medicine  as  a  medical 
missionary.”  .  .  . 

•J 

On  leaving  Africa,  Dr.  Guinness  left  Young  a  “Materia  Medica,” 
and  a  work  on  therapeutics,  whilst  a  medicine  chest  had  already 
arrived  for  him  from  home.  “I  intend  studying  the  books  care¬ 
fully  in  order  to  understand  thoroughly  how  to  use  the  drugs  and 
so  be  able  to  Help  those  round  about.”  It  is  evident  that  the  trend 
to  future  medical  work  is  now  fixed.  An  outbreak  of  sickness 
amongst  his  staff,  which  kept  him  busy  both  as  doctor  and  nurse, 
only  served  to  strengthen  his  resolve. 

Earnest  Christian  Service  in  Africa.  (Pages  95, 
102-103.) 

In  Lukunga  the  days  sped  by.  His  store-helpers  worked  as 
well  as  he  could  make  them,  the  house-boy  cooked  and  swept,  load 
after  load  brought  through  the  jungle  by  his  caravans  filled  the 
store,  which  was  emptied  again  as  the  stations  farther  up-country 
sent  in  their  requests.  Disputes  between  carriers,  grievances 
amongst  workmen,  precautions  against  robberies,  all  took  up  time. 
The  medical  work  grew  more  and  more.  It  was  increasingly  diffi¬ 
cult  to  confine  it  to  certain  hours  of  the  day:  who  can  close  down 
when  “emergency  cases,”  brought  in  slung  hammocks  over  many 
weary  forest  miles,  come  in  outside  “consulting  hours?” 


10 


But  greater  than  any  other  responsibility  was  that  of  an  over¬ 
seer  of  the  flock  of  God,  “the  care  of  the  churches,”  involving 
constant  decisions  which  might,  humanly  speaking,  make  or  mar  a 
soul.  It  is  easy  to  say  that  we  must  not  take  ourselves  too  seri¬ 
ously,  that  “we  can  only  do  our  best  and  leave  it.”  At  twenty-six, 
with  no  colleague  at  hand  to  consult,  lacking  the  guidance  of  prece¬ 
dents  and  the  philosophy  which  the  years  bring,  the  burden  was 
almost  unbearable.  Always  by  deed  and  word  there  was  the  main 
objective  to  be  more  nearly  approached,  to  make  Jesus  known  to 
these  children  of  Africa.  Each  day  seemed  as  full  as  it  could 
be,  and  yet  each  day  had  to  have  a  little  more  crammed  into  it. 
And  the  full  days  passed  into  weeks,  and  the  weeks  into  months, 
until  he  seemed  to  have  been  forever  and  ever  by  that  brown, 
rolling  river.  .  .  . 

The  days  went  by,  filled  with  labor:  the  medical  work,  the 
business  side  inseparable  from  any  mission  station,  the  daily 
preaching,  the  long  marches  to  out-stations,  and  the  nerve-wrecking 
“palavers,”  trying  to  settle  recondite  questions  often  dependent 
upon  native  customs  too  obscure  for  any  foreigner  to  trace.  And 
then,  at  a  time  when  the  reserves  of  even  his  magnificent  physique 
were  used  up,  the  dreaded  haematuric  fever  again  came  upon 
him.  There  was  no  European  at  hand,  but  Mantu  Parkinson,  the 
first  baptized  Congo  convert  of  the  B.  M.  S.,  was  acting  as  trans¬ 
port  agent  of  that  society  in  Lukunga.  He  took  over  the  work 
until  help  came  from  down-river,  whilst  he  and  the  Congo  “boys” 
tended  Young  as  well  as  they  were  able.  They  sent  down  .a  mes¬ 
sage  to  Wathen,  the  English  Baptist  Mission  station,  for  help, 
and  Young’s  old  friend,  G.  R.  R.  Cameron,  went  up  at  speed  to 
nurse  him.  The  fever  was  defeated  yet  once  more,  but  this  time 
the  resilience  was  very,  very  slow.  Mr.  Bain  of  his  own  Mission 
in  Matadi,  had  come  up,  on  hearing  of  Young’s  illness,  to  take 
charge  of  the  work  in  Lukunga,  and  he  also  contracted  the  fever, 
so  that  Cameron  had  two  patients  in  succession.  Till  Mr.  Bain  was 
up  and  about  again,  Young  managed  to  hold  on,  but  the  worn-out 
body  which  had  so  valiantly  marched  countless  miles  in  the  suf¬ 
focating  bush  and  under  a  tropical  sun,  was  down  and  out  this 
time:  the  gallant  spirit  which  had  kept  fevers  at  bay  by  sheer  pluck 
and  endurance,  singing  most  untunefully,  “Ye’re  a’  welcome  hame,” 
the  spirit  which  had  forced  the  spent  frame  over  weary  miles  to 
save  sick  bodies  and  to  comfort  sick  souls — the  spirit  was  all  out 
of  him  now.  He  went  up  to  the  B.M.S.  station  at  Wathen,  hoping 
that  the  change  and  rest  might  help  him,  but  a  black  depression 
followed  him.  To  the  missionaries  there,  it  was  evident  that  he 
needed  his  home  climate  and  a  thorough  rest,  and  they  wisely  per¬ 
suaded  him  that  for  the  sake  of  his  future  usefulness  is  was  his 


11 


duty  to  set  out  for  England.  One  of  their  number  traveled  with 
him  from  Wathen  to  the  railway,  and  the  next  letter  home  is  dated 
from  the  coast,  four  months  after  his  illness^ 

Beqinninq  Medical  Work  in  Shensi,  China.  (Paqes 
110-111,  113-114.) 

In  October  1904,  the  need  of  a  medical  man  to  work  with  Dr. 
Edwards,  in  the  hospital  at  Shou  Yang,  in  Shensi,  was  advertised 
in  the  Student  Movement.  This  attracted  his  attention,  since  Dr. 
Edward’s  name  was  well  known  to  the  missionary  enthusiast,  who, 
having  lived  in  Rochdale,  had  inevitably  come  into  contact  with 
the  Kemp  family,  to  which  Mrs.  Edwards  belonged.  By  November, 
1904,  he  wrote  from  London  that  the  matter  was  definitely  settled, 
though  various  duties  would  keep  him  in  England  for  some  months. 
By  October  1905,  his  way  was  clear,  and  he  set  sail  for  Shanghai 
on  the  Prinz  Heinrich.  .  .  . 

At  Shanghai,  where  he  had  intended  to  catch  a  Tientsin  steamer 
in  order  to  reach  Tai  Yuan,  the  capital  of  Shensi,  he  received  a 
wire  from  Dr.  Edwards  of  that  city  asking  him  if  he  would  go 
temporarily  to  Sianfu,  the  capital  of  Shensi,  as  the  Mission  there 
was  in  urgent  need  of  help.  This  meant  a  radical  change  of  plan, 
a  long  separation  from  his  heavy  luggage  and  from  redirected  let¬ 
ters,  which  would  find  him  only  after  many  days.  It  is  the  sort 
of  contretemps  which  so  many  Indian  Civil  servants,  army  offi¬ 
cers,  business  folk  and  missionaries  in  the  East  are  meeting  con¬ 
stantly,  and  in  which  an  equable  temperament  and  a  not  undue 
sense  of  one’s  own  self-importance  are  valuable.  Young  took  it 
all  very  calmly,  and  had  “no  doubt  that  the  change  of  destination 
will  serve  some  wise  purpose.”  Years  later  he  would  remind  us 
humorously  that  we  in  Shensi  must  treat  him  respectfully,  or  he 
would  pack  up  his  traps  and  make  for  his  real  station,  which  was 
Shansi.  At  the  moment  of  his  changed  plans,  though  writing  only 
from  Shanghai,  he  still  managed  to  convey  to  his  home  people 
some  Shensi  local  color,  telling  them  that  Sianfu  is  the  ancient 
capital  of  China,  the  place  to  which  the  Empress  Dowager  fled 
from  Peking  in  1900  after  the  Boxer  defeat. 

His  Marriage  to  Dr.  Charlotte  Murdoch.  (Pages  139- 
140,  U2-143,  145.) 

When  Dr.  Campbell  Morgan  accepted  the  invitation  in  1904 
to  start  the  great  work  which  he  was  to  carry  out  in  Westminster, 
he  looked  around  for  a  suitable  lieutenant  for  the  women’s  side 
of  the  work  and  invited  Charlotte  Murdoch  to  undertake  the  task. 


12 


For  eighteen  months  after  her  graduation,  she  had  combined  dea¬ 
coness  training  with  medical  practice.  The  invitation  now  given 
pointed  both  to  a  great  opportunity  and  a  great  sacrifice.  To 
succeed  in  the  work  meant  building  up  a  hive  of  happy  human 
interests  amongst  the  women  of  the  congregation;  nurses,  secre¬ 
taries,  teachers,  typists,  retail-house  assistants,  lodging-house 
keepers,  women  of  all  ages  and  conditions.  Such  work  needed 
courage,  sureness  of  touch,  intuition  and  an  informed  sympathy. 
It  also  meant  a  check  to  medical  work,  and  this  at  a  period  when 
the  graduate  most  needed  practice.  For  the  daughter  of  a  medical 
man  enthusiastic  for  his  profession,  a  member  of  a  home  where 
medical  shop  was  one  of  the  leading  interests — of  her  sisters,  one 
is  a  doctor  and  another  is  a  nurse — it  was  no  light  thing  to  put 
aside  a  profession  for  which  she  had  qualified. 

But  while  many  women  were  pressing  into  the  medical  profes¬ 
sion,  there  were  few,  very  few,  who  could  have  undertaken,  at  that 
date,  the  particularly  delicate  work  needed  at  Westminster.  And 
so  Dr.  Murdoch  was  sunk  in  Sister  Charlotte,  and  Dr.  Campbell 
Morgan  got  his  lieutenant  who  organized  and  led  the  deaconess 
corps  in  Buckingham  Gate. 

It  was  there  in  1905  that  Andrew  Young  (who  at  the  time  was 
acting  as  assistant  to  Dr.  Brailey,  the  Harley  Street  eye  specialist), 
working  as  hard  on  Sundays  as  on  week  days,  came  to  help  in 
the  Sunday  School  at  Westminster  Church,  London — where  he 
kept  his  boys  entranced  with  tales  of  Congo  life — and  in  following 
up  cases  of  men  who  had  been  influenced  by  evangelistic  services. 
The  friendship  then  formed  between  the  head  of  the  “follow-up” 
department  and  her  volunteer  assistant  resulted  later  in  a  loss  to 
the  Westminster  staff  and  a  gain  for  that  of  Shensi  when  Sister 
Charlotte  came  out  there  to  share  Andrew  Young’s  life  and  work. 

By  the  rules  of  the  B.  M.  S.  he  could  not  marry  with  the  So¬ 
ciety’s  consent  until  after  the  completion  of  his  first  year’s  language 
study,  but  by  February  1907,  he  was  ready  to  proceed  to  Shanghai, 
take  his  examination  there,  and  await  the  arrival  of  his  wife  to 
be.  The  shopping  expeditions  in  search  of  furniture  which  fol¬ 
lowed  their  marriage  were  sandwiched  between  the  meetings  of  the 
great  Ecumenical  Conference  of  1907,  a  happy  introduction  for 
Mrs.  Andrew  Young  to  her  future  life  in  China. 

They  came  back  by  the  Han  River,  a  three  months’  trip,  working 
on  the  language  with  a  teacher  en  route.  By  road  and  cart,  one 
can  do  practically  nothing  in  this  way,  since  such  travel,  though 
enjoyable,  leaves  little  energy  for  study  in  the  inns  at  the  close 
of  the  day,  whereas  on  a  boat  study  is  possible.  .  .  . 

The  last  stage  of  the  journey  from  the  Han  River  to  the  city, 
given  good  weather  and  roads  free  from  bandits — and  in  those  days 


13 


there  was  real  government  in  Shensi — is  a  delight.  Young  had 
always  found  in  mountain  scenery  an  uplift  that  took  him  out  of 
himself.  He  was  not  likely  to  appreciate  it  less  on  the  journey  on 
which  he  brought  home  his  wife. 

“On  Wednesday,  our  course  lay  up  the  bed  of  the  stream  the 
whole  day,  through  a  gorge,  there  being  magnificent  high  mountains 
on  either  side,  all  to  a  greater  or  less  extent  clothed  in  green  right 
up  to  the  summit.  Thursday  and  Friday,  however,  crowned  all,  as 
far  as  scenery  is  concerned.  We  passed  through  the  high  mountain 
ranges  forming  the  watershed  between  the  Yangtze  and  the  Yellow 
Rivers.  The  scenery  was  simply  superb  and  cannot  be  described  on 
paper.  At  the  base  of  the  hills  stretched  the  light  green  of  the  rice 
fields,  above  was  the  darker  green  of  the  trees,  and  higher  still  the 
yet  darker  combination  of  green  and  brown  rising  to  the  summits 
of  the  hills.” . 

This  picture  of  their  journey  from  the  coast,  their  interest  in  the 
scenes  through  which  they  passed,  and  in  the  people  whom  they 
met,  their  facility  for  making  light  of  the  discomforts  of  travel,  of 
enjoying  it  all  as  a  picnic,  brings  out  a  characteristic  which  Young 
and  his  wife  had  in  common;  they  were  incorrigible  gypsies.  “The 
long  road  which  stretches  and  the  roadside  fire”  was  to  them  pure 
joy.  To  pack  up  a  change  of  linen,  a  Eible  and  a  medical  book  or 
two  and  go  off  to  the  rescue  of  some  sick  body  separated  from  them 
by  roaring  rivers  and  muddy  roads  was  quite  a  casual  affair.  Even 
the  babies  that  came  later  did  not  cure  them.  Russell  Young  must 
have  travelled  thousands  of  miles.  Father  was  needed  as  a  doctor, 
mother  as  a  doctor  or  nurse  or  anaesthetist  or  housekeeper — it  was 
all  one  so  long  as  it  was  service,  and  it  was  all  good  fun — and  so 
the  babe  was  packed  into  the  mule  litter  or  cart,  and  off  went  the 
whole  happy  family  in  the  greatest  good  humor.  The  Lord  wanted 
a  piece  of  work  done  and  these  two  loyal  souls  set  about  the  doing 
of  it,  not  in  the  spirit  of  servants  carrying  out  a  task,  but  as  those 
who  had  once  for  all  the  word,  “I  call  you  not  servants  but  friends.” 
As  their  Lord’s  disciples  and  friends  they  set  out  on  the  path  He 
showed  them. 

His  First  Woman  Patient.  (Pages  164-166.) 

One  gets  a  better  opportunity  of  realizing  the  worth  of  this 
character  and  also  the  discipline  of  the  spirit  which  she  represents, 
by  reading  Young  (and  others)  upon  the  first  woman  patient  of 
the  Sianfu  hospital.  She  impressed  him  so  much  that  he  does  not 
give  her  name  but  refers  to  her  always  as  if  she  were  above  mere 
surnames.  Her  name  was  Li.  She  was  suffering  from  a  large  tumor 
which  involved  a  heavy  operation  and  a  prolonged  stay  in  the 


14 


hospital.  Having  been  aecustomed  to  ruling  the  little  world  of  her 
own  household — husband,  sons,  daughters-in-law  and  grandchildren 
— with  an  iron  hand,  she  naturally  wanted  at  first  to  rule  the 
women’s  ward  of  the  hospital  likewise.  For  the  foreign  doctor  she 
had  respect.  Here  was  deep  calling  unto  deep.  Did  he  not  also 
rule  a  little  kingdom  ?  A  fellow  potentate  she  could  meet  on  terms 
of  amity.  But  as  for  ward  boys,  dispensers,  assistants,  male-  or 
female,  let  them  recognize  authority.  Was  she  not  the  old  lady? 
Had  not  her  daughters-in-law  born  men  children  into  the  world? 
Was  it  not  fixed  in  the  laws  of  the  universe  that  to  such  as  she 
rule  was  given  ?  And  she  proceeded  by  the  power  of  her  tongue  to 
attempt  to  extend  her  empire.  Poor  lao  t’ai-t’ai !  She  met  with 
some  severe  shocks  and  put  up  a  brave  fight  before  she  recognized 
that  even  in  a  mission  hospital,  where  kindness  is  the  dominant  note 
and  red  tape  is  never  exalted,  there  must  be  rules  and  these  must 
be  followed  by  all  inmates;  even  by  the  exalted  in  the  earth.  Very 
voluble  were  her  protests,  very  scathing  her  scorn;  driven  out  of 
one  entrenchment,  she  fought  gamely  in  the  next;  but  at  length, 
when  it  was  made  clear  that  she  must  obey  or  go,  she  submitted, 
only  to  find  out  how  delightful  submission  could  be. 

She  set  herself,  whilst  in  the  hospital,  to  learn  what  could  be 
learned,  and  her  powerful  intellect  found  a  whole  world  of  interest 
in  the  new  ways  of  management  she  saw  around  her.  But  especially 
she  set  herself  to  learn  “the  teaching”  which  she  was  quick  to  see 
was  the  spring  of  the  whole  hospital  life.  She  learned  to  read, 
she  learned  to  pray,  she  even  attempted  to  sing.  And  she  broke 
through  the  barriers  of  age  and  prejud.ee  and  pride,  when  she 
learned  the  Truth  that  is  in  Jesus  Christ.  Her  nature  was  trans¬ 
figured,  but  the  proportion  of  its  elements  was  still  there.  A  leader 
she  would  always  be.  As  she  had  led  in  her  village,  so  now  she 
led  in  the  women’s  ward ;  as  she  had  forced  her  previous  convictions 
upon  the  attention  of  her  neighbors,  so  now  she  went  about  telling 
those  whom  she  met  of  the  Jesus  who  had  come  into  her  life  “telling 
her  all  things  that  ever  she  did.”  And  on  her  lips  was  the  question: 
“Is  not  this  the  Christ?”  The  fine  intellect,  which  had  been  so 
starved,  had  a  new  world  of  thought  opened  to  it,  to  which  it 
turned  gratefully. 

When  she  returned  home  she  sang  not  only  the  praises  of  the 
physician  and  the  hospital  staff — though  the  loyal,  grateful  soul 
did  that  in  full  measure — she  sang  the  praises  of  her  Savior  and 
was  determined  that  “everybody  should  know”  what  joy  was  hers 
and  might  be  theirs.  She  was  back  shortly  at  the  hospital  clamoring 
for  preachers  to  be  sent  to  her  village.  Husband  and  sons  had  to 
tramp  miles  to  attend  worship.  The  wonder  is  that  they  did  not 
hate  it,  but  presumably  they  had  so  long  listened  to  her  dictates 


15 


when  these  were  burdensome,  that  the  new  orders  seemed  easy 
enough  to  obey.  And  soon  they  reached  that  point  when  they  came 
for  their  own  sakes.  “We  were  surprised  on  Sunday  afternoon, 
seeing  that  it  was  a  very  wet  day,  to  have  our  afternoon  service 
so  well  attended  and  to  see  the  bright,  smiling  face  of  the  husband 
of  our  first  woman  patient.  He  had  tramped  nearly  ten  miles  in 
the  rain.”  .  .  .  The  early  services  in  her  home  resulted  in  a  whole 
village  being  interested,  and  a  place  of  worship — the  first  purely 
Shensi  church  home  thus  erected — was  built. 

His  Medical  Ministry.  (Pages  152 ,  177 ,  185,  253.) 

It  is  on  this  road  work  that  the  medical  missionary  sees  for 
himself  what  suffering  the  Chinese  endure  through  wrong  treatment 
at  the  hands  of  the  old-style  practitioners.  A  certain  knowledge  of 
herbs  these  latter  have  gathered  during  the  long  centuries,  and  in 
some  of  their  methods,  such,  for  example,  as  counter-irritants,  they 
show  skill;  but  their  plasters,  their  objection  to  soap  and  warm 
wrater,  their  needle-probing  and  other  devices  mean  martyrdom  to 
many  a  sufferer.  When  one  dives  beneath  the  surface  to  find  out  the 
why  and  wherefore  of  their  treatment,  the  grotesqueness  of  the 
reasoning  is  often  startling.  It  is  a  shock,  for  instance,  to  come 
across  a  patient  who,  upon  his  stomach,  has  a  ghastly  moving  pro¬ 
tuberance,  which  turns  out  to  be  a  frog,  which,  being  cold-blooded,  is 
there  to  draw  away  the  undue  heat  of  the  patient’s  troubled  organs. 
The  doctors  in  Shensi  were  constantly  meeting  with  instances  of 
such  methods.  “We  have  one  man  who  had  his  eye  pierced  to  cure 
cataract,  the  result  being  that  he  lost  it” — the  loss  being  the  eye 
and  not  the  cataract.  “Another  man  who  came  had  had  needles 
stuck  in  about  the  stomach  and  shoulder-blade  to  cure  indigestion. 
Strangely  enough,  he  got  no  better  but  rather  worse.” . 

Young’s  first  operation  in  China  was,  characteristically  enough, 
upon  one  of  the  poor  outcasts.  He  saw  him  again  in  February, 
1908,  at  the  yearly  meetings,  to  which  the  members  came  from  far 
and  near.  In  1905  this  man  had  been  a  regular  tramp — dirty, 
ragged,  very  nearly  blind;  now  he  was  a  clean,  cheerful-looking, 
strong  fellow  with  perfect  sight.  He  had  become  a  church  member. 
“There  are  some  bright  spots,”  Young  adds,  “in  the  medical  work, 
as  you  see.  This  is  one  of  the  direct  results  from  it,  as  the  man 
had  had  no  previous  interest  in  or  knowledge  of  Christian  truth.” 

The  first  insane  case  that  was  brought  to  the  hospital  was  in 
1903,  and  the  manner  of  the  arrival  shocked  us  greatly.  The  poor 
patient,  a  man  about  thirty,  came  loaded  with  heavy  chains  and 
led  by  his  relatives.  It  seemed  a  brutal  exhibition,  yet  in  an  inland 
province  where  there  are  no  asylums  for  the  insane,  and  the  family 


16 


is  too  poor  to  depute  one  of  the  members  constantly  to  guard  the 
patient,  it  is  difficult  to  see  what  else  could  be  done,  if  the  community 
is  to  be  safeguarded  from  the  danger  of  sudden  outbreak. 

Here  are  a  few  typical  cases  showing  how  the  medical  missionary 
spent  his  days:  “We  are  pretty  busy,  lately  having  had  nearly 
twice  as  many  patients  as  we  are  supposed  to  find  room  for.  One 
young  fellow  was  brought  in  about  ten  days  ago  with  his  thigh 
bone  broken  in  two  places.  He  had  fallen  from  a  roof  in  the  West 
Suburb.  He  was  a  difficult  case  to  manage.  The  splints  would  be 
all  fixed  carefully  and  satisfactorily  one  day,  and  when  I  went  into 
the  ward  next  day  they  were  off,  lying  beside  him.  This  was  done 
several  times,  but  yesterday  he  seemed  to  have  come  to  his  senses 
and  to  be  getting  on  better.”  .... 

On  December  5,  1911,  Young  wrote:  “Our  wards  are  still  as  full 
as  ever.  No  sooner  does  one  go  out  than  another  is  ready  to  take 

his  place,  though  there  are  not  quite  so  many  wounded . 

The  other  day  a  man  came  in  who  had  been  shot,  the  bullet  having 
gone  in  just  at  the  side  of  the  lower  part  of  the  nose  and  out  behind 
the  ear,  shattering  the  bones  on  that  side,  and  the  nerve  supplying 
one  side  of  the  face.  This  occurred  six  weeks  before  admission.  .  .  . 
If  more  wounded  come  in,  the  authorities  will  have  to  give  us  a 
new  place  as  a  hospital;  we  cannot  take  more  on  our  present 
premises.” 

In  Peril  at  the  Beginning  of  the  Revolution.  (Pages 
236-237,  241-242,  243,  244-) 

It  was  about  midnight  when  they  finally  got  away.  Liu,  the 
horse-boy,  and  Chi-wa,  the  cook,  each  had  a  bundle  containing  tins 
of  milk,  the  baby’s  blankets  and  a  little  bedding.  The  party  started 
straight  up  the  mountain  that  looms  above  Chungpu.  There  was 
no  moon,  only  starlight.  At  one  point  on  the  road,  where  a  member 
of  the  church  lived,  they  stopped  and  entered  his  house  with  some 
difficulty,  since  he  lived  in  the  middle  of  a  village  and  it  was 
necessary  not  to  disturb  the  neighbors.  This  man  refused  to  take 
them  in.  He  said  that  the  baby  would  be  sure  to  cry  and  the 
neighbors  would  then  discover  the  whole  party.  Probably  the  man 
was  right,  and  harsh  and  cruel  as  such  a  rebuff  seemed  to  the 
wanderers,  it  made  for  their  ultimate  safety.  Several  villages  were 
reached  and  passed  by  as  silently  as  possible.  The  child,  sleeping 
quietly  in  his  father’s  arms,  gave  no  sound.  No  dog  barked,  no 
villager  stirred.  Hour  after  hour  they  kept  on,  until  the  faint 
dawn  grew  into  clearer  light. 

At  six  o’clock  they  dared*  go  no  farther.  Turning  from  the  main 
track,  they  scouted  around  for  some  refuge.  In  less  than  five 


17 


minutes  they  found  a  deserted  cave,  and  there  they  remained  all 
day.  Towards  evening  Mrs.  Young,  looking  up  to  the  door  of  the 
cave,  was  startled  to  see  a  man  gazing  in  upon  them.  He  had  been 
following  his  cow  about  along  the  valley,  and  was  as  startled  to 
see  a  group  of  people  in  the  cave  as  they  were  to  see  him.  He 
turned  out  to  be  an  old  friend  of  Ts’ao,  whom  the  latter  had  not 
seen  for  twenty  years.  Ts’ao  called  him  in  and  gave  him  the  whole 
story.  The  new  friend  offered  to  stand  guard  over  them  until  night¬ 
fall  and  keep  the  villagers  away.”  .... 

I  have  often  wondered  what  would  happen  if  a  family  in  England 
should  be  wakened  up  in  the  middle  of  the  night  by  absolute 
strangers  fleeing  for  their  lives  and  asked  to  take  them  in  and 
hide,  feed  and  generally  provide  for  them ;  knowing  that  it  would 
mean  certain  death  for  themselves  if  they  were  caught  thus  giving 
succor  to  people  who  were  not  only  strangers  but  foreigners  as 
well !  The  only  trouble  in  those  men’s  minds  was  the  old  couple 
who  lived  next  door  to  them.  They  said  the  old  man  was  a  dreadful 
chatterer  and  if  he  knew  that  we  were  there,  he  would  just  go 
down  to  the  fair,  and  it  would  soon  be  all  over  the  country.  How 
to  circumvent  the  old  man  and  his  wife  was  what  they  were  talking 
about.  At  last  they  decided  that  they  would  take  us  about  a  mile 
up  the  valley  to  another  deserted  cave,  and  that  they  would  bring 
food  up  to  us  there,  and  keep  a  general  look-out  and  see  that 
nobody  went  up  that  way. 

“We  had  to  go  up  again  and  walk  up  the  valley  in  the  dark.  It 
was  just  like  every  other  deserted  cave  except  that  far  in  on  one 
side  there  was  a  hole  about  two  feet  in  diameter,  partly  in  the 
floor,  partly  in  the  wall.  This  let  down  into  a  little  place  that  had 
evidently  been  dug  out  to  store  grain.  It  was  just  high  enough  to 
stand  upright  in  and  it  was  big  enough  for  us  to  lie  down  in,  with 
room  for  Ts’ao  to  lie  across  our  feet.  There  was  plenty  of  ventila¬ 
tion  through  some  rat-holes  and  they  put  straw  down  for  us  to  lie 

on.  We  stayed  there  for  a  week . Then  after  we  had  been 

there  for  a  week,  the  boys  came  back  with  our  escort.  The  noise 
of  a  match  scratching  above  the  hole  was  the  way  our  visitors  were 
announced.” 

For  the  three  young  men  had  succeeded  in  their  venture.  Several 
times  on  the  way  they  were  set  on.  They  were  robbed  of  whal 
meagre  store  they  had,  but  finally  they  reached  Sianfu  and  made 
their  way  to  the  Mission,  bringing  great  relief  to  the  people  there, 
who  had  day  after  day  longed  for  some  news  from  the  north . 

The  new  Governor  and  his  staff  knew  only  too  well  that  such  an 
office  would  be  sadly  needed  after  the  disastrous  way  the  foreigners’ 
safety  had  been  overlooked  in  the  first  place.  Looking  around  for 
a  good  second  in  command  here,  he  appointed  Mr.  Shill,  who  had 


18 


been  Young’s  language  teacher.  He  had,  when  acting  in  that 
capacity  for  Dr.  Creasy  Smith  in  1900,  been  for  months  in  Peking 
after  the  Siege  of  the  Legations.  He  had  travelled  widely  in  China, 
was  conversant  with  the  foreign  point  of  view,  and  a  better  appoint¬ 
ment  could  hardly  have  been  made  at  such  a  juncture.  On  hearing 
of  the  Youngs’  plight,  he  was  not  only  shocked  because  of  the 
reflection  such  treatment  would  bring  to  the  new  provincial  govern¬ 
ment,  he  was  deeply  distressed  as  a  personal  friend  of  the  sufferers. 
He  acted  writh  energy  and  courage,  demanding  a  heavily-armed 
escort,  full  powers  to  deal  with  local  authorities  eii  route,  money 
and  conveyances.  Arriving  at  Iclmn,  he  sent  forward  a  part  of  the 
guard  under  the  guidance  of  Young’s  two  boys  to  bring  the  fugitives 
into  the  town,  whilst  he  himself  stayed  with  the  remainder  of  the 
guard  so  as  to  impress  upon  the  town  leaders  the  importance  of  his 
mission,  and  to  see  that  there  should  be  no  ebullition  of  temper  in 
the  place.  As  a  result,  the  public  welcome  given  to  the  Youngs 
upon  their  appearance  November  16,  1911,  was  a  useful  little 
lesson  to  the  whole  of  that  district  and  an  excellent  bit  of  instruc¬ 
tion  for  that  northern  road.  Mr.  Shih  might  not  know  the  word 
“propaganda”;  he  thoroughly  understood  the  thing. 

Paying  the  Penalty  of  Overwork.  (Pages  288-289,  300- 
301,  309,  310-311.) 

Since  the  time  when  he  left  England  for  China  in  the  spring 
of  1913,  there  had  been  four  years  of  almost  incessant  toil  and 
anxiety,  varied  only  by  travel  under  trying  conditions  and  at  forced 
speed.  Again  and  again  the  warning  which  fatigue  should  have 
given  him  was  ignored,  its  inhibitions  kept  at  bay  by  the  reinforce¬ 
ments  of  religious  devotion  and  a  steel-like  will.  But  in  March, 
1918,  he  had  a  complete  collapse,  and  had  to  put  down  everything 
and  leave  for  Hwai  Yuen . 

A  deputation  from  home  arrived  in  November,  1919,  and  it  was 
decided,  after  careful  consideration  and  consultation,  to  close  the 
San  Yuan  hospital  for  the  time  being  (as  Dr.  Charter  was  going 
home)  and  to  concentrate  at  Sianfu  until  the  normal  staff  there 
could  be  guaranteed.  Dr.  Jones  had  to  escort  this  deputation  to 
Shantung,  where,  in  a  remote  station  served  by  no  regular  medical, 
a  member  of  the  Mission  suffering  from  typhoid  detained  him.  As 
a  consequence  Young  was  again  alone  for  three  weary  months.  All 
that  year  the  constant  racing  off  to  distant  towns  to  attend  upon 
foreigners  of  various  missions  was  a  terrible  drain,  whilst  Dr. 
Jones,  who  returned  from  Shantung  in  March,  broke  down  badly 
under  the  incessant  work  carried  on  amongst  the  wounded  through 
the  heat  of  the  South  Shensi  summer.  He  had  to  leave  hurriedly 


19 


with  his  family  in  September  and  Andrew  Young  held  on  as  best 
he  could.  For  three  weeks  in  July  there  was  cessation  of  fighting. 
Any  civilian  patients  who  could  safely  be  sent  home  left  the 
hospital,  whilst  out-patient  days  were  suspended.  The  Youngs 
moved  out  to  the  East  Suburb,  which  was  a  shade  cooler  and  at 
least  more  in  the  open.  And  there,  when  every  moment  of  those 
three  weeks  should  have  been  spent  in  rest,  and  at  a  time  when 
the  sweat  rolled  off  the  writers  on  to  any  paper  they  touched,  he 
and  his  wife  struggled  day  after  day  with  hospital  accounts!  No 
kindlier,  gentler  souls  ever  worked  in  the  mission  field,  but  even 
from  them  is  wrung  the  admission  “the  hospital  accounts  are 
intolerable.” . 

Yet,  happy  as  they  were  at  San  Yuan,  one  cloud  gathered  volume 
as  the  months  passed.  Andrew  Young’s  store  of  energy  had  run 
dangerously  low,  whilst  he  was  as  far  as  ever  from  sparing  himself. 
“If  a  person  is  ill,”  said  his  Chinese  friends,  “it  seems  as  though 
he  takes  the  illness  upon  himself.”  The  burden  of  his  spiritual 
message  grew  heavier  also,  its  urgency  more  insistent.  “He  speaks 
as  though  his  heart  were  almost  too  full  for  speech,  so  earnest  is 
he  in  all  he  says,”  was  their  comment  on  his  appearance  at  the  last 
United  Church  meetings  which  he  attended.  “I  shall  be  glad,” 
wrote  his  wife  in  January,  1922,  “to  get  Andrew  home  on  furlough, 
for  he  does  need  a  rest  and  change.  He  has  had  much  responsi¬ 
bility  and  hard  work  these  many  years  ....  I  do  hope  he  will 
have  a  real  rest  without  the  burden  of  deputation  speaking  .  .  .  .” 

Did  a  smile  lurk  behind  the  kindly,  patient  brown  eyes  when 
“Mr.  Glory  Tai-fu”  (Dr.  Young)  recognized  the  disease  which  had 
seized  him  ?  So  often  had  he  fought  it  across  the  bodies  of  others 
that  it  seemed  almost  to  wear  the  face  of  a  friend  at  last.  Typhus 
might  be  a  dread  enemy  to  the  many  but  for  Cecil  Robertson, 
Stanley  Jenkins  and  Andrew  Young  it  was,  after  all,  only  a  messen¬ 
ger.  “He  maketli  His  ministers  a  flame  of  fire.”  Over  the  body  of 
this  beloved  physician,  as  over  many  a  patient  of  his  before,  the 
battle  was  waged,  and  this  time  with  better  human  hopes.  Never 
before  had  Shensi  had  two  British  doctors  and  four  British  nurses 
available  for  one  patient.  Almost  to  the  end  it  seemed  as  if  skill 
and  devotion  would  prevail  to  keep  this  servant  of  Jesus  with  us, 
but  the  patient’s  powers  of  resistance  had  been  lowered  by  years  of 
persistent  overwork,  and  on  April  29,  1922,  the  final  onslaught  of 
the  fever  prevailed.  To  use  a  language  which  for  years  had  been 
as  the  native  speech  of  Andrew  Young,  the  time  of  his  reward  was 
at  hand.  He  had  kept  the  faith,  he  had  finished  the  course;  the 
Crown  that  had  been  set  aside  for  him  was  waiting  to  be  revealed 
at  last,  when  he  should  go  to  be  with  the  Christ  Whom  having  not  ' 
seen  he  had  loved  so  long.  The  Chinese,  for  whom  he  had  labored 


20 


so  untiringly  were  not  slow  to  do  him  honor.  The  United  Church 
and  the  poor,  torn  State  were  present  at  his  funeral.  The  sorrow 
of  the  many  poor  for  whom  he  had  toiled  in  such  kindliness  was  the 
laurel  of  his  wreath.  By  the  Shensi  Mission,  by  the  Society  at 
home,  by  his  friends  in  four  continents,  the  departing  which  was 
gain  for  him  was  counted  as  sore  loss. 


SERIES  OF  PROGRAMS  NOW  AVAILABLE 

Course  Number  One 

JAMES  CHALMERS,  Martyr  of  New  Guinea 

JAMES  GILMOUR,  Pioneer  in  Mongolia 

WILFRED  T.  GRENFELL,  Knight-Errant  of  the  North 

ADONIRAM  JUDSON,  Herald  of  the  Cross  in  Burma 

ION  KEITH-FALCONER,  Defender  of  the  Faith  in  Arabia 

DAVID  LIVINGSTONE,  Africa’s  Pathfinder  and  Emancipator 

ALEXANDER  M.  MACKAY,  Uganda’s  White  man  of  Work 

HENRY  MARTYN,  Persia’s  Man  of  God 

ROBERT  MORRISON,  Protestant  Pioneer  in  China 

JOHN  G.  PATON,  King  of  the  Cannibals 

MARY  SLESSOR,  The  White  Queen  of  Calabar 

MARCUS  WHITMAN,  Hero  of  the  Oregon  Country 

Course  Number  Two 

CAPTAIN  LUKE  BICKEL,  Master  Mariner  of  the  Inland  Sea 
WILLIAM  CAREY,  Founder  of  Modern  Missions 
ALEXANDER  DUFF,  India’s  Educational  Pioneer 
MARY  PORTER  GAMEWELL,  Heroine  of  the  Boxer  Rebellion 
FRANK  HIGGINS,  Sky  Pilot  of  the  Lumbermen 
RAYMOND  LULL,  First  Missionary  to  the  Moslems 
GEORGE  L.  MACKAY,  Pioneer  Missionary  in  Formosa 
JOHN  K.  MACKENZIE,  The  Beloved  Physician  of  Tientsin 
ROBERT  MOFFAT,  Friend  of  the  African 

JOHN  COLERIDGE  PATTESON,  Martyr  Bishop  of  the  South 
Seas 

J.  HUDSON  TAYLOR,  Founder  of  the  China  Inland  Mission 
JOHN  WILLIAMS,  Shipbuilder  in  the  South  Seas 

Course  Number  Three 

HENRY  G.  APPENZELLER,  Pioneer  Linguist  in  Korea 
JOHN  E.  CLOUGH,  Kingdom  Builder  in  South  India 
FRANCOIS  COILLARD,  Pathfinder  on  the  Upper  Zambezi 
GEORGE  GRENFELL,  Explorer  of  the  Upper  Congo 
W.  BARBROOKE  GRUBB,  Pathfinder  in  Paraguay 
SHELDON  JACKSON,  Builder  of  the  New  Alaska 
THEODORE  L.  PENNELL,  Pioneer  on  the  Afghan  Frontier 
WILLIAM  A.  SHEDD,  The  Moses  of  the  Assyrians 
ALBERT  L.  SHELTON,  Martyr  Missionary  of  Tibet 
DAVID  W.  TORRANCE,  Medical  Missionary  in  Galilee 
HORACE  G.  UNDERWOOD,  King’s  Counsellor  in  Korea 
ANDREW  YOUNG,  Representative  of  the  Great  Physician  ic 
Shensi 


No.  542 — ME — I — IM — May,  1929. 


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